Ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi seshelufu sokudla, ngaphezu kokudla okuphekiwe nokudla okomiswe ngomoya, iningi lazo lisebenzisa ukupheka, ukuvala inzalo, ukupakisha okokuqandisa kanye ne-vacuum, kanti ezinye zize zengeze izithasiselo ezilondolozayo.Kodwa-ke, nakuba le ndlela inganweba impilo yeshalofu, ukudla kuzolahlekelwa kalula ukunambitheka kwayo kwemvelo nokunambitha.Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bokupakisha ukudla, ukusebenzisa imishini yokupakisha eguquliwe emkhathini ukuze kulondolozwe ukudla kungandisa kakhulu isikhathi seshelufu sokudla, kuvalele imisoco yokudla, futhi kugcine ukunambitheka kwemvelo.
Kuyaqondakala ukuthi umshini wokupakisha oshintshiwe we-atmosphere (umshini we-MAP) ikakhulukazi usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulondoloza umoya obushintshile ukuze umiselele umoya osephaketheni ngokusebenzisa igesi exubile evikelayo.Ngenxa yezindima ezihlukene ezidlalwa amagesi avikelayo ahlukahlukene, angakwazi ukuvimbela ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kabusha kwamagciwane amaningi nama-microorganisms abangela ukubola kokudla, futhi anciphise izinga lokuphefumula lemikhiqizo (izithelo, imifino, ukudla kwasolwandle, inyama, njll.), okwenza Ukudla kungagcinwa kukusha, ngaleyo ndlela andise impilo yeshalofu nempilo yeshelufu yeumkhiqizo.Ngokuvamile, impilo yeshalofu yokudla inwetshwa kusukela osukwini olungu-1 kuya ezinsukwini ezingaphezu kweziyisi-8.
Kulezi zinsuku, uhla lokusetshenziswa kwemishini yokupakisha eguquliwe luya ngokuya lukhula, kusukela ezithelweni, imifino, inyama, kuya emifino eboshiwe ehlukahlukene, amakhukhamba, imikhiqizo yasemanzini, amakhekhe, izinto zokwelapha, njll., ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekisa kangcono ubusha nekhwalithi. lokudla.Phakathi kwabo, njengoba abantu benaka kakhulu izinga lenyama, inyama ebandayo iye yaba yinto evamile ekusetshenzisweni kwenyama.ukwandisa isabelo ezimakethe zasekhaya nezangaphandle.Njengamanje, ngokusebenzisa ukupakishwa komkhathi okuguquliwe ekufakweni kwenyama ebandayo, akuqinisekisi kuphela ukusha kwenyama ebandayo, kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwenyama.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amaphuzu abalulekile wezobuchwepheshe ekusetshenzisweni kwepakethe ye-atmosified modified, okokuqala, igesi.isilinganiso sokuxuba, futhi okwesibili ukushintshwa kokuxuba igesi.Ngokusho kwabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe, igesi elondolozwayo endaweni elawulwayo yokulondoloza umoya ngokuvamile iqukethe i-carbon dioxide, umoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen kanye nenani elincane lamagesi akhethekile.Amagesi athathelwa indawo yizinto ezihlukene zokudla kanye nesilinganiso sokuxuba igesi kuhlukile.Isibonelo, izithelo nemifino kuvame ukuthatha indawo yegesi emaphaketheni nge-oxygen, i-carbon dioxide namanye amagesi.
Akukhona lokho kuphela, ukugxila kwamagesi ahlukene axubile kudingeka kube ngesilinganiso esithile, kungabi phezulu kakhulu noma kube phansi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kuhluleke nje ukugcina ubusha bezithelo nemifino, kodwa kungase futhi kusheshise ukonakaliswa kokudla.Ngokuvamile, isilinganiso sokuhlushwa komoyampilo singama-4% kuya ku-6%, kanti isilinganiso sokuhlushwa kwe-carbon dioxide singama-3% kuya ku-5%.Uma ukuhlushwa kokushintshwa kwe-oxygen kuphansi kakhulu, ukuphefumula kwe-anaerobic kuzokwenzeka, okubangela ukuvutshelwa kwezithelo ze-lychee kanye ne-necrosis yezicubu;ngokuphambene, uma ukuhlushwa komoya-mpilo kuphezulu futhi i-carbon dioxide iphansi, i-metabolism yezithelo nemifino izokwehla, inciphise impilo yeshalofu.
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Uma kuqhathaniswa nezithelo nemifino, umshini wokupakisha osemkhathini oguquliwe osetshenziselwa ukudla okuphekiwe unesilinganiso esiphezulu kakhulu segesi exutshiwe egcina ihlanzekile.Isibonelo, i-carbon dioxide ingama-34% kuya ku-36%, i-nitrogen ingama-64% kuya ku-66%, kanti izinga lokushintshwa kwegesi lingu-≥98%.Ngenxa yokuthi ukudla okuphekiwe kungazalanisa kalula amagciwane nama-microorganisms ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile zokushisa futhi kusheshise ukubola nokuwohloka, kusetshenziswa umshini wokupakisha oguquliwe ukuze ulungise ingxenye yamagesi axubile, ikakhulukazi umoya-mpilo, kunganciphisa ngempumelelo okuqukethwe komoyampilo futhi kwehlise izinga lokuzala kwama-bacterium. (i-anaphylactic).(ngaphandle kwamagciwane e-aerobic), ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe inhloso yokulondoloza ubusha bemikhiqizo yokudla okuphekiwe.
Ukwengeza, lapho abasebenzisi benza ukuxutshwa kwegesi nokushintshanisa, kufanele bagcwalise futhi bashintshe ngokwezithako ezihlukene.Imvamisa, imikhiqizo yezithelo nemifino igcwaliswa ikakhulukazi ngamagesi okugcina amaphakheji ashintshiwe ahlanganisa i-O2, CO2 ne-N2;Amagesi okugcina imikhiqizo yokudla okuphekiwe ngokuvamile akhiwa i-CO2, i-N2 nokunyeamagesi;kuyilapho ukuwohloka kwempahla ebhakwa ngokuyinhloko kuwumkhuhlane, futhi ukulondolozwa kudinga ukunciphisa umoya-mpilo, ukuvimbela isikhutha nokugcina ukunambitheka., igesi yokulondoloza yakhiwa i-CO2 ne-N2;ngenyama entsha, igesi yokupakisha emkhathini eshintshiwe yakhiwe yi-CO2, i-O2 namanye amagesi.
Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi nakuba umshini wokupakisha womkhathi oguquliwe unganweba impilo yesiqukathi nempilo yeshalofu yezithako, indawo yokugcina izithako ezihlukene izophinde ithinte impilo yabo yeshalofu.Impilo yeshalofu yokupakishwa komkhathi eguquliwe inqunywa ngokusekelwe ezinhlobonhlobo kanye nokusha kwezithako, njengama-strawberries, ama-lychees, ama-cherries, amakhowe, imifino enamahlamvu, njll. Uma kusetshenziswa ifilimu ye-low-barrier, impilo yeshalofu yezithelo nemifino. ku-0-4 ℃ yizinsuku eziyi-10-30.
Emikhiqizweni yokudla okuphekiwe, ngemva kokupakishwa kwe-atmosphere eguquliwe, impilo yabo yeshalofu ingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-5-10 ngaphansi kuka-20℃.Uma izinga lokushisa langaphandle liba phansi, impilo yeshalofu yizinsuku ezingama-30-60 ku-0-4℃.Uma umsebenzisi esebenzisa ifilimu yesithiyo esiphezulu abese esebenzisa inqubo ye-pasteurization (engaba ngu-80 ° C), impilo yeshalofu izoba ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-60-90 ekamelweni lokushisa.Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uma ukupakishwa komkhathi okuguquliwe kusetshenziswa kuhlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe bokugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo, imiphumela engcono yokulondoloza ingafinyelelwa, futhi impilo yeshalofu yezithako ingase ibe yinde.
Ngokuvamile, ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha obuguquliwe busetshenziswe kabanzi ukuze kulondolozwe ubusha bezinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla, kunwebe isikhathi seshelufu sokudla, futhi kwandise inani elingeziwe lokudla.Inamandla amakhulu emakethe esikhathini esizayo.Nokho, abasebenzisi kudingeka bacabangele amaphuzu amabili abalulekile lapho besebenzisa imishini yokupakisha eguquliwe.Kuyadingeka ukulawula ngokunembile isilinganiso sokuxuba amagesi ahlukene, futhi ugcwalise igesi yokupakisha ehambisanayo eguquliwe ngokuvumelana nezithako ezihlukene, futhi wenze ukuxutshwa kwegesi nokushintshwa, ukuze kwandiswe kangcono isikhathi seshalofu kanye nesikhathi sokusha kwezithako ezihlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-23-2023
